Izikhumba kunye nembewu yeediliya kunye namaqunube ziqulethe i-resveratrol, nto leyo eyenza iwayini ebomvu ibe ninzi kule ngxube. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ineenzuzo ezinkulu zempilo, kodwa kufuneka wazi ngakumbi malunga nokuba kufuneka uthathe isongezelelo esingakanani.
Ukuba ukhe weva ukuba iwayini ebomvu inceda ekunciphiseni i-cholesterol, mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge-resveratrol, into esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiwayini ebomvu.
Kodwa ukongeza ekubeni yinxalenye eluncedo yewayini ebomvu kunye nokunye ukutya, i-resveratrol ikwanamandla empilo.
Enyanisweni, izongezo ze-resveratrol zinxulunyaniswa neenzuzo ezininzi ezimangalisayo zempilo, kubandakanya ukukhusela ukusebenza kwengqondo kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi (1, 2, 3, 4).
Eli nqaku lichaza into ekufuneka uyazi malunga ne-resveratrol, kuquka neenzuzo zayo ezisixhenxe eziphambili zempilo.
I-Resveratrol yikhompawundi yezityalo esebenza njenge-antioxidant. Imithombo ephambili yokutya ibandakanya iwayini ebomvu, iidiliya, amaqunube athile, kunye namandongomane (5, 6).
Le ngxubevange idla ngokugxininisa kwiikhumba kunye nembewu yeediliya kunye namaqunube. Ezi ndawo zediliya zibandakanyeka ekuvuthweni kwewayini ebomvu kwaye ngenxa yoko zinoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-resveratrol (5, 7).
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezifundo ze-resveratrol zenziwe kwizilwanyana nakwiityhubhu zovavanyo kusetyenziswa ubungakanani obukhulu bale compound (5, 8).
Kwiizifundo ezilinganiselweyo ebantwini, uninzi lugxile kwiintlobo ezongezelelweyo zekhompawundi, ezifumaneka kumanqanaba aphezulu kunezo zifunyenwe ekutyeni (5).
I-Resveratrol yikhompawundi ye-antioxidant efumaneka kwiwayini ebomvu, amaqunube kunye namandongomane. Izifundo ezininzi zabantu zisebenzise izongezo ezinamanqanaba aphezulu e-resveratrol.
Ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokulwa ne-antioxidant, i-resveratrol inokuba sisongezelelo esithembisayo sokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi (9).
Uphononongo luka-2015 lugqibe kwelokuba iidosi eziphezulu zinokunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiindonga zemithambo yegazi xa intliziyo ibetha (3).
Olu xinzelelo lubizwa ngokuba yi-systolic blood pressure kwaye lubonakala njengenani eliphezulu kufundo loxinzelelo lwegazi.
Uxinzelelo lwegazi lwe-Systolic ludla ngokunyuka ngokuhamba kweminyaka ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis. Xa luphezulu, luyimbangela yesifo sentliziyo.
I-Resveratrol inokufezekisa iziphumo zokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi ngokunceda ukuvelisa i-nitric oxide engaphezulu, ebangela ukuba imithambo yegazi iphumle (10, 11).
Nangona kunjalo, ababhali bolu phando bathi kufuneka uphando olongezelelekileyo ukuze kwenziwe iingcebiso ezithile malunga nedosi efanelekileyo ye-resveratrol ukuze kubekho iziphumo eziphezulu kuxinzelelo lwegazi.
Izifundo ezininzi zezilwanyana zibonise ukuba izongezo ze-resveratrol zinokutshintsha ii-lipids zegazi ngeendlela eziphilileyo (12, 13).
Kwisifundo sika-2016, iimpuku zondliwa ukutya okuneproteni eninzi kunye namafutha amaninzi angenawo ulwelo afakwe i-resveratrol.
Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba umgangatho ophakathi we-cholesterol iyonke kunye nobunzima bomzimba weempuku zehlile, ngelixa umgangatho we-cholesterol "elungileyo" ye-HDL wenyuka (13).
Kubonakala ngathi iResveratrol ichaphazela amanqanaba e-cholesterol ngokunciphisa ukusebenza kwee-enzymes ezilawula ukuveliswa kwe-cholesterol (13).
Njenge-antioxidant, ikwanciphisa i-oxidation ye-cholesterol "embi" ye-LDL. I-oxidation ye-LDL ikhokelela ekwakhekeni kwe-plaque eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi (9, 14).
Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu zonyango, abathathi-nxaxheba abathatha i-non-concentrated grape extract okanye i-placebo bafumene ukwehla kwe-LDL nge-4.5% kunye nokwehla kwe-LDL e-oxidized nge-20% (15).
Izongezo zeResveratrol zinokuphucula amanqanaba e-lipid egazini kwizilwanyana. Njengoko ziyi-antioxidant, zikwanciphisa i-oxidation ye-LDL cholesterol.
Amandla ekhompawundi okwandisa ubomi bezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo abe yindawo ephambili yophando (16).
Kukho ubungqina bokuba i-resveratrol ivuselela iijini ezithile, ngaloo ndlela ithintela izifo zokwaluphala (17).
Oku kusebenza ngendlela efanayo nokunciphisa iikhalori, nto leyo ebonakalise iziphumo ezithembisayo ekwandiseni ubomi ngokutshintsha indlela ezivezwa ngayo iijini (18, 19).
Uphononongo lwezifundo ezihlola olu nxibelelwano lufumanise ukuba i-resveratrol yongeza ubomi bayo kwi-60% yezinto eziphilayo ezifundwe, kodwa isiphumo sabonakala kakhulu kwizinto eziphilayo ezinganxulumananga kakhulu nabantu, ezifana neempethu kunye neentlanzi (20).
Izifundo zezilwanyana zibonise ukuba izongezo ze-resveratrol zinokwandisa ubomi. Nangona kunjalo, akucaci nokuba ziya kuba nefuthe elifanayo na ebantwini.
Izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ukusela iwayini ebomvu kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukwehla kwengqondo okubangelwa kukwaluphala (21, 22, 23, 24).
Kubonakala ngathi iphazamisana neziqwenga zeproteni ezibizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid beta, ezibalulekileyo ekwakhiweni kweempawu zesifo sika-Alzheimer (21, 25).
Nangona olu phando lunomdla, izazinzulu zisenemibuzo malunga nokukwazi komzimba ukusebenzisa i-resveratrol eyongezelelweyo, nto leyo ethintela ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngoko nangoko njengesongezelelo sokukhusela ingqondo (1, 2).
I-Resveratrol yikhompawundi enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye ne-antioxidant enokukhusela iiseli zobuchopho ekonakalisweni.
Ezi zibonelelo ziquka ukuphucula uvakalelo lwe-insulin kunye nokuthintela iingxaki zeswekile (26,27,28,29).
Enye ingcaciso yendlela esebenza ngayo i-resveratrol kukuba inokuthintela i-enzyme ekuguquleni i-glucose ibe yi-sorbitol, i-sugar alcohol.
Xa i-sorbitol eninzi iqokelelana emizimbeni yabantu abanesifo seswekile, inokubangela uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative olonakalisa iiseli (30, 31).
I-Resveratrol inokubanceda abantu abanesifo seswekile ngaphezu kwabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile. Kolunye uphando lwezilwanyana, iwayini ebomvu kunye ne-resveratrol zifunyenwe zinamandla okulwa ne-antioxidant kwiimpuku ezinesifo seswekile kunakwiimpuku ezinesifo seswekile (32).
Abaphandi bathi le khemikhali ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo seswekile kunye neengxaki zaso kwixesha elizayo, kodwa uphando oluthe kratya luyadingeka.
I-Resveratrol inceda iimpuku ukuba ziphucule uvakalelo lwe-insulin kwaye zilwe neengxaki zesifo seswekile. Kwixesha elizayo, izigulane ezinesifo seswekile nazo zinokungenelwa kunyango lwe-resveratrol.
Izithako zemifuno ziyafundwa njengendlela yokunyanga nokuthintela iintlungu zamalungu. Xa zithathwa njengezongezo, i-resveratrol inokunceda ukukhusela i-cartilage ekuqhekekeni (33, 34).
Olunye uphando lufake i-resveratrol kwimijoyinti yamadolo yemivundla ene-arthritis kwaye lwafumanisa ukuba le mivundla ayinamonakalo mkhulu kwi-cartilage (34).
Ezinye izifundo ezenziwe ngetyhubhu yovavanyo kunye nezilwanyana zibonise amandla ale khompawundi okunciphisa ukudumba nokuthintela umonakalo wamalungu (33, 35, 36, 37).
I-Resveratrol iye yafundwa ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuthintela nokunyanga umhlaza, ingakumbi kwiityhubhu zovavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zixubene (30, 38, 39).
Kuye kwabonakala ukuba ilwa neendidi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli zomhlaza kwizifundo zezilwanyana kunye neetyhubhu zovavanyo, kuquka isisu, umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu, ulusu, amabele, kunye nomhlaza weprostate (40, 41, 42, 43, 44).
Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni izifundo kude kube ngoku zenziwe kwiityhubhu zovavanyo nakwizilwanyana, kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuze kuqondwe ukuba le khompawundi ingasetyenziswa njani na kwaye njani ukunyanga umhlaza ebantwini.
Izifundo ezisebenzisa izongezo ze-resveratrol azifumananga bungozi bubalulekileyo. Zibonakala zinyanyezelwa kakuhle ngabantu abasempilweni (47).
Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba okwangoku akukho zingcebiso ziqinisekileyo malunga nokuba ingakanani i-resveratrol umntu afanele ayithathe ukuze afumane izibonelelo zempilo.
Kukwakho nezilumkiso ezithile, ingakumbi malunga nendlela i-resveratrol esebenzisana ngayo namanye amayeza.
Ngenxa yokuba iidosi eziphezulu zibonakalisiwe ukuba zithintela ukujiya kwegazi kwiityhubhu zovavanyo, zinokunyusa ukopha okanye ukukrweleka xa zithathwa kunye ne-anticoagulants ezifana ne-heparin okanye i-warfarin, okanye amayeza athile eentlungu (48, 49).
I-Resveratrol ikwavimba ii-enzymes ezinceda ekususeni iikhompawundi ezithile emzimbeni. Oku kuthetha ukuba amanye amayeza anokufikelela kumanqanaba angakhuselekanga. Ezi ziquka amanye amayeza okwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, amayeza okulwa noxinzelelo, kunye ne-immunosuppressants (50).
Ukuba okwangoku usebenzisa amayeza, ungafuna ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise i-resveratrol.