URutinIfomula yekhemikhali (C27H30O16•3H2O), ivithamini, inefuthe lokunciphisa ukuvuleka kwemithambo yegazi kunye nokuqhekeka kwayo, igcina kwaye ibuyisele ukuthamba okuqhelekileyo kwemithambo yegazi. Ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga ukopha kwegazi ebuchotsheni; Ukopha kwegazi kwi-retina yesifo seswekile kunye ne-purpura yokopha igazi nazo zisetyenziswa njenge-antioxidants kunye neepigment zokutya.

Yahlulwe ngokweekhrayitheriya ezine ezilandelayo:

1. I-Rutin NF11: umgubo otyheli-luhlaza, okanye ikristale ecolekileyo kakhulu ye-acicular; Ayinavumba, ayinancasa; Umbala uba mnyama emoyeni; Ishushu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-185-192 ℃, iba ngumzimba we-gelatinous omdaka kwaye ibole malunga ne-215 ℃. Inyibilika kancinci kwi-ethanol ebilayo, inyibilika kancinci emanzini abilayo, inyibilika kancinci emanzini abandayo, inyibilika lula kwi-isopropyl alcohol kunye ne-methanol, ayinyibiliki kwi-trichloromethane, i-ether kunye ne-benzene; Inyibilika kwisisombululo se-alkali hydroxide. Indlela yokuchonga yi-A: i-hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis ukuya kwi-quercetin, apho inqanaba lokunyibilika liyi-312 ℃ B: i-red cuprous oxide precipitation. C: Ukongeza isisombululo se-sodium hydroxide yi-orenji etyheli D: isisombululo se-ethanol kunye nesisombululo se-ferric chloride siluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka E: isisombululo se-ethanol esine-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-magnesium kancinci kancinci umxholo obomvu: ≥95.0%(UV)(ngeemveliso ezomileyo)

Ukunciphisa umzimba owomileyo: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Intsalela etshayo ≤0.5%

I-Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Umbala obomvu ≤0.004%

Isithako esinxulumeneyo i-quercetin ≤5.0% (UV)

Inani lilonke leebhaktheriya ze-aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Inani lilonke lesikhunta kunye negwele ≤102cfu/g

I-Escherichia coli ayizukubonwa /g

Iimeko zokugcina Gcina kwisikhongozeli esingangeni moya kude nokukhanya.

2. I-Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: Umgubo otyheli okanye otyheli-luhlaza. Phantse awunyibiliki emanzini, unyibilika kwi-methanol, unyibilika kancinci kwi-ethanol (96%), phantse awunyibiliki kwi-methylene chloride. Inyibilika kwisisombululo se-hydroxide. Indlela yokuchonga yile ilandelayo :A: Ukufunxwa okuphezulu kwi-257nm kunye ne-358nm, kwaye i-coefficient ephezulu yokufunxwa kwi-358nm yi-305 ~ 330. B: Ipateni yokufunxwa kwe-infrared kufuneka ihambelane neyemveliso yesalathiso C: Amachaphaza anombala ofanayo kunye nobukhulu aya kuvela kwindawo ehambelanayo ye-chromatogram yemveliso yesalathiso D: isisombululo se-ethanol esine-hydrochloric acid kunye ne-zinc siya kubonisa ubomvu

Umxholo 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ngokwemveliso eyomileyo) (ubungakanani)

Ukufuma 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Intsalela etshayo ≤0.1%

Ixabiso eliphezulu lokufunxwa kokukhanya kokungcola okubonakalayo kwi-450nm ukuya kwi-800nm ​​akufuneki libe ngaphezulu kwe-0.10

Izinto ezinganyibilikiyo kwi-methanol ≤3.0%

Isithako esinxulumeneyo yi-isoquercetin ≤2.0%, i-kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, i-quercetin ≤2.0%, ukungcola okupheleleyo ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Inani lilonke leebhaktheriya ze-aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Inani lilonke lesikhunta kunye negwele ≤102cfu/g

Iintsholongwane ezingenayo i-bile gram ≤102cfu/g

I-Escherichia coli ayizukubonwa /g

I-Salmonella isenokungabonwa /25g

Iimeko zokugcina zigcina kude nokukhanya

3. URutin USP43: Indlela yokuchonga yi-A: ukufunxwa okuphezulu kwi-257nm kunye ne-358nm, kwaye i-coefficient ephezulu yokufunxwa kwi-358nm yi-305 ~ 33. B: I-infrared absorption spectra kufuneka ihambelane ne-chromatogram yemveliso yesalathiso. C: Ixesha lokugcina lencopho ye-chromatogram kufuneka lihambelane nelo lemveliso yesalathiso.

Umxholo 95.0% ~ 101.0% (ngokwemveliso eyomileyo) (ubungakanani)

Ukufuma 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Intsalela etshayo ≤0.1%

Ixabiso eliphezulu lokufunxwa kokukhanya kokungcola okubonakalayo kwi-450nm ukuya kwi-800nm ​​akufuneki libe ngaphezulu kwe-0.10

Izinto ezinganyibilikiyo kwi-methanol ≤3.0%

Izinto ezinxulumene noko yi-isoquercetin ≤2.0%, i-kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, i-quercetin ≤2.0%, ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo ze-mono-miscellaneous ≤1.0%, ukungcola okupheleleyo ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Inani lilonke leebhaktheriya ze-aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Inani lilonke lesikhunta kunye negwele ≤103cfu/g

I-Escherichia coli ayizukubonwa /10g

I-Salmonella ayizukufunyanwa /10g

Imeko yokugcina ivaliwe kwaye igcinwe kude nokukhanya.

4. Umgangatho woBulungiseleli i-WS1-49(B)-89 yeRutinum: umgubo otyheli okanye otyheli-luhlaza, okanye ikristale ecolekileyo kakhulu ye-acicular; Ayinavumba, ayinancasa; Umbala uba mnyama emoyeni; Ishushu ukuya kwi-185 ~ 192℃ ukuze ibe yijeli emdaka. Iyanyibilika kancinci kwi-ethanol ebilayo, iyanyibilika kancinci emanzini abilayo, iyanyibilika kancinci emanzini abandayo, ayinyibiliki kwi-trichloromethane kunye ne-ether; Iyanyibilika kwisisombululo se-alkali hydroxide. Indlela yokuchonga yile: A: i-red cuprous oxide precipitate. B: Ipatheni yokufunxa ye-infrared kufuneka ihambelane neyento elawulayo. C: Ukufunxa okuphezulu kufumaneka kumaza obude obuyi-259±1nm kunye ne-362.5±1nm.

Umxholo ≥93.0%(UV)(ngemveliso eyomileyo)

Ukunciphisa umzimba owomileyo 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Intsalela etshayo ≤0.3%

Izinto ezinganyibilikiyo kwi-methanol ≤2.5% (izinto ezinganyibilikiyo kwi-ethanol)

Isithako esinxulumeneyo i-quercetin ≤4.0% (Umaleko obhityileyo)

Inani lilonke leebhaktheriya ze-aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Inani lilonke lesikhunta kunye negwele ≤102cfu/g

I-Escherichia coli ayizukubonwa /g

I-Salmonella ayizukufunyanwa /g

Imeko yokugcina ivaliwe kwaye igcinwe kude nokukhanya.

Isiphumo seyeza:

Isenzo se-antifree radical

Iimolekyuli zeoksijini ziyancitshiswa ngendlela yee-elektroni enye kwi-metabolism yeseli, kwaye ii-ion ze-O eziveliswa kukuncipha kweemolekyuli zeoksijini ngendlela yee-elektroni enye ziya kuvelisa i-H2O2 kunye nee-free radicals ezinobungozi kakhulu ·OH emzimbeni, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela ukuguda kwesikhumba kwaye zikhawulezise nokwaluphala kwesikhumba. Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza i-rutin kwimveliso ngokuqinisekileyo kunokususa iintlobo zeoksijini ezisabelayo eziveliswa ziiseli. I-Rutin yikhompawundi ye-flavonoid, eyi-antioxidant enamandla yokususa ii-free radicals. Ingayimisa indlela esebenza ngayo i-free radicals, ithintele i-peroxidation ye-polyunsaturated fatty acids kwi-biofilms, isuse iimveliso ze-lipid peroxidation, ikhusele ukuthembeka kwe-biofilms kunye nezakhiwo ze-subcellular, kwaye idlale indima ebalulekileyo emzimbeni. [2]

I-anti-lipid peroxidation

I-lipid peroxidation ibhekisa kuthotho lweenkqubo ze-oxidation ezibangelwa ziintlobo ze-oxygen ezisabelayo ezihlasela ii-polyunsaturated fatty acids kwi-biofilms. UZhu Jianlin nabanye bafumanise kwaye bahlalutya umsebenzi we-SOD kwiimpuku, umxholo wemveliso ye-free-radical lipid peroxidation MDA, kunye nomxholo weLipofuscin kwisibindi esikhulu, kwaye bafumanisa ukuba i-rutin yayinefuthe lokuthintela i-lipid peroxidation kwiimpuku ezixotshiweyo, kwaye inokuthintela ukwehla kwamandla e-antioxidant kwinkqubo ye-antioxidant kwiimpuku emva kokuxotshiweyo. I-Rutin inokumelana nokwehla kwamandla e-antioxidant okubangelwa kukwehla kwe-estrogen endogenous kwaye inefuthe le-antioxidant. I-high density lipoprotein (HDL) ineziphumo zokulwa ne-atherosclerotic. Nangona kunjalo, i-HDL, njenge-low density lipoprotein (LDL) kunye ne-very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), nayo inokwenziwa i-oxidation kwaye iguqulwe kwi-vitro. Nje ukuba i-HDL ixoxwe kwaye iguqulwe kwi-Ox-HDL, inefuthe le-atherosclerosis. UMeng Fang nabanye baphande ngesiphumo se-rutin kwi-HDL oxidative modification yi-Cu2+ mediated oxidative modification in vitro. Isiphelo I-Rutin inokuthintela kakhulu ukuguqulwa kwe-oxidative kwe-HDL. [2]

Isiphumo sokuchasana kwe-platelet activating factor

I-pathogenesis yezifo ezininzi zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi, ezifana ne-thrombosis, i-atherosclerosis, i-inflammatory reaction kunye ne-ischemia-reperfusion free radical injury, zinxulumene kakhulu ne-mediation ye-plateletactivatingfactor (PAF). Ke ngoko, ukuchasana nesiphumo se-PAF yindlela ebalulekileyo yokunciphisa izifo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba i-rutin inokubangela ukuchasana okuthe ngqo kwe-PAF kwi-rabbit platelet membrane receptors ezixhomekeke kuxinzelelo, ithintele ukunamathela kweplatelet okubangelwa yi-PAf kwimivundla kunye nokwanda koxinzelelo lwe-Ca2+ olukhululekileyo kwi-PMNs, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba indlela yokusebenza kwe-rutin yokulwa ne-PAF kukuthintela ukusebenza kwe-PAF receptor, ize ithintele impendulo ebangelwa yi-PAF, ukuze idlale indima ekukhuseleni intliziyo. Iziphumo zibonise ukuba i-rutin yayiyi-PAF receptor antagonist. [2]

I-anti-acute pancreatitis

I-Rutin inokuthintela ngempumelelo i-hypocalcemia kwaye inciphise ukuxinana kwe-Ca2+ kwizicubu zepancreas. Kufunyaniswe ukuba i-rutin inokunyusa umxholo we-phospholipase A2 (PLA2) kwizicubu zepancreas zeempuku, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba i-rutin inokuthintela ukukhululwa nokusebenza kwe-PLA2 kwizicubu zepancreas. I-Rutin inokuthintela ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kwe-hypocalcemia kwiimpuku ze-AP, mhlawumbi ngokuthintela ukungena kwe-Ca2+ kunye nokunciphisa ukugcwala kwe-Ca2+ kwiiseli zezicubu zepancreas, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa umonakalo we-pathophysiological kwi-AP. [2]

Isalathiso: https://mp.weixin.qq.com

https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper

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