Phakathi kwamaphepha amva nje ale antioxidant enamandla luphononongo olupapashwe kuPhando lwePhytotherapy ngoMatshi ka-2019, oluphonononge izinto ezili-9 malunga neziphumo ze-quercetin kwi-metabolic syndrome Ulingo olulawulwa ngokungacwangciswanga.

I-Metabolic syndrome ibhekisela kuluhlu lweengxaki zempilo ezandisa umngcipheko wohlobo lwe-2 yeswekile, isifo senhliziyo, kunye nesifo sohlangothi, kubandakanywa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, iswekile yegazi, amanqanaba aphezulu e-triglyceride, kunye nokuqokelela kwamafutha esinqeni.

Nangona uphando olubanzi lufumene ukuba i-quercetin ayinayo impembelelo kwi-blood glucose esheshayo, ukunganyangeki kwe-insulin okanye amanqanaba e-hemoglobin A1c, uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo lweqela lubonise ukuba i-quercetin yongezwa kwizifundo ezithatha ubuncinane i-500 mg ngosuku ubuncinane kwiiveki ezisibhozo. Ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza iswekile yegazi.

I-Quercetin inceda ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo

Ngokophononongo olupapashwe ngo-2016, i-quercetin inokwenza i-channel ye-mitochondrial ye-apoptosis (inkqubo yokufa kweeseli ezonakalisiweyo) ngokusebenzisana ne-DNA, ngaloo ndlela ibangele ukuhla kwe-tumor.

Ucwaningo luye lwafumanisa ukuba i-quercetin inokubangela i-cytotoxicity yeeseli ze-leukemia, kwaye umphumo uhambelana nedosi. Iziphumo ezilinganiselweyo ze-cytotoxic nazo zifunyenwe kwiiseli zomhlaza wamabele. Ngokubanzi, i-quercetin inokwandisa ixesha lokuphila kweempuku zomhlaza ngamaxesha e-5 xa kuthelekiswa neqela elingaphathwanga.

Ababhali bathi ezi ziphumo kunxibelelwano oluthe ngqo phakathi kwe-quercetin kunye ne-DNA kunye nokusebenza kwayo kwendlela ye-mitochondrial ye-apoptosis, kwaye bacebise ukuba ukusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwe-quercetin njengechiza le-adjuvant kunyango lomhlaza kufanelekile ukuphononongwa ngakumbi.

Uphononongo lwakutsha nje olupapashwe kwijenali ye-Molecules ikwagxininise iziphumo ze-epigenetic ze-quercetin kunye nokukwazi kwayo:

Ukusebenzisana kunye nemijelo yokubonisa iiseli
Lawula ukubonakaliswa kofuzo
Ukuchaphazela umsebenzi wezinto ezikhutshelweyo
Ilawula i-microribonucleic acid (microRNA)

I-Microribonucleic acid yayikhe yagqalwa njenge "nkunkuma" yeDNA. Uhlolisiso luye lwafumanisa ukuba iDNA “eyinkunkuma” ayinamsebenzi kwaphela. Ngokwenene yimolekyuli encinci ye-ribonucleic acid, edlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni imizila yemfuza eyenza iiproteni zabantu.

I-Microribonucleic acid ingasetyenziswa njenge "switch" yezi mfuzo. Ngokutsho kwegalelo le-microribonucleic acid, i-gene inokufaka nayiphi na imveliso yeeprotheyini ezingaphezu kwama-200. Ukukwazi kwe-Quercetin ukumodareyitha ii-microRNAs kunokuchaza iziphumo zayo ze-cytotoxic kwaye kutheni kubonakala ngathi ukonyusa ukusinda komhlaza (ubuncinci kwiimpuku).

I-Quercetin sisithako esinamandla se-antiviral

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, uphando olwenziwa malunga ne-quercetin lujolise kubuchule bayo bokulwa neentsholongwane, ikakhulu ngenxa yeendlela ezintathu zesenzo:

Ukuthintela ukukwazi kweentsholongwane ukosulela iiseli
Ukuthintela ukuphindaphinda kweeseli ezosulelekileyo
Ukunciphisa ukuxhathisa kweeseli ezosulelekileyo kunyango lwe-antiviral

Ngokomzekelo, uphando oluxhaswa ngemali liSebe lezoKhuselo lase-US olupapashwe kwi-2007 lufumene ukuba emva kokufumana uxinzelelo olunzima lomzimba, i-quercetin inokunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana intsholongwane kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwengqondo yakho, ngaphandle koko inokonakalisa umsebenzi wakho wokuzivikela omzimba , Ukwenza ukuba ube sengozini ngakumbi kwizifo.

Kule sifundo, abahamba ngeebhayisikili bafumana i-1000 mg ye-quercetin ngosuku, idibene ne-vitamin C (ukwandisa amanqanaba e-quercetin e-plasma) kunye ne-niacin (ukukhuthaza ukuxutywa) kwiiveki ezintlanu ezilandelelanayo. Iziphumo zafumanisa ukuba xa kuthelekiswa nokungaphathwanga Kuwo nawuphi na umkhweli webhayisikile owanyangwayo, abo bathatha i-quercetin babenethuba elisezantsi kakhulu lokosulelwa sisifo sentsholongwane emva kokukhwela ibhayisekile iiyure ezintathu ngosuku iintsuku ezintathu ezilandelelanayo. I-45% yabantu kwiqela le-placebo babegula, ngelixa kuphela i-5% yabantu kwiqela lonyango babegula.

I-Arhente ye-Arhente yeeProjekthi zoPhando oluPhezulu lwase-US (i-DARPA) ixhase ngemali enye isifundo, eyapapashwa ngo-2008, kwaye yafunda ukusetyenziswa kwentsholongwane yomkhuhlane we-H1N1 we-pathogenic kakhulu ukucela umngeni kwizilwanyana eziphathwa nge-quercetin. Isiphumo sisafana, ukugula kunye nokufa kweqela lonyango bekusezantsi kakhulu kuneqela le-placebo. Olunye uphononongo lukwaqinisekisile ukusebenza kwe-quercetin ngokuchasene neentlobo ngeentlobo zeentsholongwane, kubandakanya:

Uphononongo ngo-1985 lwafumanisa ukuba i-quercetin inokuthintela usulelo kunye nokuphindaphinda kwe-herpes simplex virus type 1, i-poliovirus type 1, i-parainfluenza virus type 3, kunye ne-respiratory syncytial virus.

Uphononongo lwezilwanyana ngo-2010 lwafumanisa ukuba i-quercetin inokuthintela zombini iintsholongwane zomkhuhlane A kunye no-B. Kukwakho izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezifunyenweyo. Okokuqala, ezi ntsholongwane azikwazi ukujamelana ne-quercetin; okwesibini, ukuba zisetyenziswe kunye neziyobisi ezichasayo (i-amantadine okanye i-oseltamivir), imiphumo yazo iphuculwe kakhulu-kwaye ukuphuhliswa kokuchasana kuthintelwe.

Uphononongo lwezilwanyana ngo-2004 lwavuma uhlobo lwentsholongwane ye-H3N2, luphanda umphumo we-quercetin kumkhuhlane. Umbhali wachaza:

"Ngexesha lokusuleleka kwentsholongwane ye-influenza, uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative lwenzeka. Ngenxa yokuba i-quercetin inokubuyisela ukuxinwa kwama-antioxidants amaninzi, abanye abantu bacinga ukuba inokuba liyeza elisebenzayo elinokukhusela imiphunga ekukhutshweni ngexesha lokusuleleka kwintsholongwane ye-influenza. Imiphumo eyingozi ye-oxygen free radicals. "

Olunye uphando lwe-2016 lufumene ukuba i-quercetin inokulawula ukubonakaliswa kweprotheyini kwaye inefuthe lokukhusela kwintsholongwane ye-H1N1 yomkhuhlane. Ngokukodwa, ukulawulwa kweprotheyini yokothuka ubushushu, i-fibronectin 1 kunye neprotheyini ethintelayo inceda ukunciphisa ukuphindaphinda kwentsholongwane.

Uphononongo lwesithathu olupapashwe ngo-2016 lufumene ukuba i-quercetin inokuthintela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomkhuhlane, kuquka i-H1N1, i-H3N2, kunye ne-H5N1. Umbhali wengxelo yophando ukholelwa ukuba, "Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba i-quercetin ibonisa umsebenzi wokuthintela kwinqanaba lokuqala losulelo lomkhuhlane, olubonelela ngesicwangciso sonyango esinokwenzeka ngophuhliso lwamayeza endalo asebenzayo, akhuselekileyo, nangabizi kakhulu ukunyanga nokuthintela [uMkhuhlane. Intsholongwane] usulelo."

Kwi-2014, abaphandi babonisa ukuba i-quercetin "ibonakala ithembisa ekunyangeni umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo obangelwa yi-rhinoviruses" kwaye yongezelela, "Uphando luqinisekisile ukuba i-quercetin inokunciphisa ukufakwa ngaphakathi kunye nokuphindaphinda kweentsholongwane kwi-vitro. Umzimba unokunciphisa umthamo wentsholongwane egazini, inyumoniya kunye nokusabela ngendlela yomoya.

I-Quercetin inokunciphisa umonakalo owenziwe nge-oxidative, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wokusuleleka kwebhaktheriya yesibini, eyona nto ibangela ukufa okuhlobene nomkhuhlane. Okubalulekileyo, i-quercetin yonyusa i-mitochondrial biosynthesis kwi-skeletal muscle, ebonisa ukuba inxalenye yempembelelo yayo ye-antiviral ibangelwa yi-mitochondrial antiviral signal ephuculweyo.

Uphononongo lwezilwanyana kwi-2016 lufumene ukuba i-quercetin inokuthintela intsholongwane ye-dengue kunye nosulelo lwentsholongwane ye-hepatitis kwiigundane. Olunye uphando luye lwaqinisekisa ukuba i-quercetin inamandla okuthintela usulelo lwe-hepatitis B kunye no-C.

Kutshanje, uphononongo olupapashwe kwijenali iMicrobial Pathogenesis ngoMatshi ka-2020 lufumanise ukuba iquercetin inokubonelela ngokhuseleko olupheleleyo kusulelo lweStreptococcus pneumoniae zombini kwi-vitro nakwi-vivo. Ityhefu (PLY) ekhutshwa yipneumococcus ukuthintela ukuqhambuka kosulelo lweStreptococcus pneumoniae. Kwingxelo ethi "Microbial Pathogenesis", umbhali wabonisa:

"Iziphumo zibonisa ukuba i-quercetin inciphisa kakhulu umsebenzi we-hemolytic kunye ne-cytotoxicity eyenziwa yi-PLY ngokuvimbela ukubunjwa kwe-oligomers.
Ukongeza, unyango lwe-quercetin lunokunciphisa umonakalo weseli ye-PLY-mediated, ukwandisa izinga lokusinda kweegundane ezisuleleke ngamayeza abulalayo e-Streptococcus pneumoniae, ukunciphisa umonakalo we-lung pathological, kunye nokuthintela i-cytokines (IL-1β kunye ne-TNF) kwi-bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. -α) ukukhululwa.
Ukuqwalasela ukubaluleka kwezi ziganeko kwi-pathogenesis ye-Streptococcus pneumoniae enganyangekiyo, iziphumo zethu zibonisa ukuba i-quercetin inokuba ngumviwa omtsha weziyobisi kunyango lwezifo zeklinikhi zepneumococcal. "
I-Quercetin ilwa nokuvuvukala kwaye ikhuthaza ukusebenza komzimba

Ukongeza kumsebenzi we-antiviral, i-quercetin inokunyusa ukhuseleko kunye nokulwa nokuvuvukala. Uphononongo luka-2016 olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi leNutrients lubonise ukuba iindlela zesenzo zibandakanya (kodwa azikhawulelwanga) ukuvinjelwa kwe:

• I-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) eyenziwa yi-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) kwi-macrophages. I-TNF-α yi-cytokine ebandakanyekayo kwi-systemic inflammation. Ikhutshelwa yi macrophages esebenzayo. I-Macrophages ziiseli zokuzivikela ezinokuthi ziginye izinto zangaphandle, ii-microorganisms kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi okanye ezonakalisiweyo.
• I-Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α kunye ne-interleukin (Il) -1α amanqanaba e-mRNA kwiiseli ze-glial, ezinokubangela "ukuncipha kwe-neuronal cell apoptosis"
• Ukuthintela ukuveliswa kwee-enzymes ezibangela ukuvuvukala
• Thintela i-calcium ukuba ingagelezi kwiiseli, ngaloo ndlela inqanda:
◦ Ukukhululwa kwee-cytokines ezine-pro-inflammatory
◦ Iiseli zemasti zamathumbu zikhulula i-histamine kunye ne-serotonin 

Ngokwale nqaku, i-quercetin ingakwazi ukuzinzisa iiseli ze-mast, inomsebenzi we-cytoprotective kwi-gastrointestinal tract, kwaye "inempembelelo yokulawula ngokuthe ngqo kwiimpawu ezisisiseko zokusebenza kweeseli zokuzivikela", ukuze "ilawule phantsi okanye inqanda iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane". imijelo yokuvuvukala kunye nemisebenzi, "Inhibit inani elikhulu leethagethi zeemolekyuli kuluhlu lwe-micromolar concentration".

I-Quercetin inokuba luncedo kubantu abaninzi

Ukuqwalasela uluhlu olubanzi lweenzuzo ze-quercetin, lunokuba luncediso oluluncedo kubantu abaninzi, nokuba luyingxaki okanye iingxaki zexesha elide, lunokuba nefuthe elithile. Oku kwakhona isongezelelo ndincoma ukuba ugcine kwikhabhinethi yamayeza. Inokungena ngokufanelekileyo xa uziva ngathi "unokongamela" yingxaki yezempilo (nokuba ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo okanye umkhuhlane).

Ukuba utyekele ekubanjweni yingqele kunye nomkhuhlane, unokucinga ngokuthatha i-quercetin kwiinyanga ezimbalwa phambi kwexesha elibandayo kunye nexesha lomkhuhlane ukomeleza amajoni akho omzimba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, kubonakala kuluncedo kakhulu kwizigulana ezine-metabolic syndrome, kodwa kububudenge ukuthembela kuphela kwizongezo ezithile kwaye usilele ukusombulula iingxaki ezisisiseko ezifana nokutya kunye nokuzilolonga ngaxeshanye.